Hullaaaa👋: perekonomian indonesia

1. Definition of Systems

Ø By language

Systems is An organized, purposeful structure that consists of interrelated and interdependent elements (components, entities, factors, members, parts etc.). These elements continually influence one another (directly or indirectly) to maintain their activity and the existence of the system, in order to achieve the goal of the system.

Ø By to professional

· Shrode dan Voich, Jr (1974: 122)

System is a set of interrelated parts, working independently and jointly, in pursuit of common objectives of the whole, within a complex environment.

· Advanced Learner's Dictionary inSukarna (1977:13)

System is a group of facts ideas, beliefs etc arranged in an orderly way; as a system of philosophy.

· W.J.S Poewadarminta

System is a group of parts that work together to do something activity.

2. Economic Systems, Politic Systems and Relationship of both of them

Ø Economicc Systems

· By language

Economic Systems is a refereed journal for the analysis of causes and consequences of the significant institutional variety prevailing among all developed, developing, emerging, and transition economies, as well as attempts at and proposals for their reform.

· By professional

o According to Loucks

Definition of economic system is that it consist of those institutions which a given people or nation or group of nations has chosen or accepted as the means through which resources are utilized for the satisfaction of human wants.

o According to Gruchy

It is an evolving pattern or complex of human relations which is concerned with the disposal of scarce resources for the purchase of satisfying various private and public needs for goods and services.

Ø Politic Systems

Each society must have a political system in order to maintain recognized procedures for allocating valued resources. In large complex societies, many decisions must be made about the duties and responsibilities of citizens and also about the rights and privileges.

If the society is to be orderly, people must obey the rules that are made. The political institution determines and enforces the laws and punishes those who disobey them.

Ø Relationship of Economic&Politic Systems

These two opposing forms of government and two opposing economic systems determine the quality of the lives of those who live under them. But first, some definitions:

· Democracy

A government in which the supreme power is held by the people.

· Totalitarianism

A government in which the people are subordinate to the state, which imposes strict control over all aspects of life.

· Capitalism

An economic system in which ownership of land, the means of production and distribution, and the exchange of wealth is held by individuals and corporations.

· Socialism

An economic system based on common ownership of these elements.

Nations can be based on any combination of these forms of government and economic systems.

3. Capitalism and Sosialism

Ø Capitalism

Capitalism is an economic system where the means of production are owned by private individuals. "Means of production" refers to resources including money and other forms of capital. Under a capitalist economy, the economy runs through individuals who own and operate private companies. Decisions over the use of resources are made by the individual or individuals who own the company.

Ø Sosialism

Socialism is an economic system where the means of production, such as money and other forms of capital, are owned by the state or public. Under a socialist system, everyone works for wealth that is in turn distributed to everyone. Under capitalism, you work for your own wealth. A socialist economic system operates on the premise that what is good for one is good for all. Everyone works for their own good and for the good of everyone else. The government decides how wealth is distributed among the people.

4. Controlled Competition

Controlled competition is a planned and controlled competition by governments to avoid unhealthy competition in certain goods markets by opening business priorities, including business location priorities, for example by announcing a negative list of investments (DNI).

5. The Degree of Capitalism and Sosialism

The elements of capitalism and socialism are contained in the economic organization of Indonesia. There are 2 approaches to see the level of each of these systems, by:

Factual-Structural Approach is to examine the role of government or the State in the structure of the economy.Historical approach is to trace how the nation's economy siorganisasikan from time to time.

To regulate the level of government involvement in the economy with a factual-structural approach, the Aggregate Keynesian Equation is used:

Y = C + I + G + (X - M)

In using the above formula specified according to the use or the perpetrators sector. This similarity is the formula for calculating national income with an expenditure approach.

6. Example Case of Economic Systems

BUMN That Suffered Losses Threatened To Be Closed

Wednesday, 31 January, 2018 | 09:28 WIB

TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - The Parliament is looking for a way out regarding the State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) that could not give profit anymore to the state.Members of the House of Representatives, Bambang Haryo, said that the Commission VI or BUMN will discuss specifically the solution for companies that loses its performance.Previously, members of Commission VI along with the Deputy of Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises of the Restructuring and Business Development Field, Aloysius K. Ro, held a Hearing Meeting (RDP) on performance.Aloysius was accompanied by directors of PT Bahana Pembinaan Usaha Indonesia (Persero), PT Kliring Berjangka Indonesia (Persero), PT Superintending Company of Indonesia (Persero) or Sucofindo, and PT Surveyor Indonesia (Persero).

According to schedule, Commission VI will hold RDP again with five other BUMN. They are PT Perusahaan Pengelola Aset (Persero), PT Survai Air Penas (Persero), PT Iglas (Persero), PT Industri Sandang Nusantara (Persero), and PT Kertas Leces (Persero). But the RDP was postponed because it is considered that they could not explain the aspects of company performance.“We will try to empowered the companies again, if it is not feasible enough, then it must be closed,” Bambang said.

Furthermore, Bambang will not accept if there are investors, especially foreign investors, if they are interested in giving a fund injection or acquire the losing BUMN. The parliament will look for the right scheme to find a solution for a company that is considered to be no longer visible.The Deputy of the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) Aloysius K. Ro considered that the RDP is irrelevant to the Asset Management Company, Survai Udara Penas, Iglas, Nusantara Clothing Industry, and Kertas Leces.

According to Aloysius, of the five companies, only the Asset Management Company still considered as ‘healthy’. The other four are said to be ‘sick.’ “The ‘sick’ ones cannot be asked about the performance, to make it stay alive is a hard thing to do, so I ask for time (for the RDP to be postponed),” he said.

Besides financial and operational issues, there is a sector of technological development factors that trigger the company's production continues to decline. One of them is Kertas Leces. “Globally the use of paper is getting lower,” he said.Ministry of BUMN will look for a proper restructuring scheme for the losing BUMN. The scheme will be offered to the BUMN Commission.

Last year, the Ministry of BUMN noted that the number of BUMN that suffered losses until the first half of 2017 reached 24 companies. The number decreased from 27 companies in the first half of 2016. Until the end of 2017, it was 13 companies.

Analysis

What :The State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN) that could not give profit anymore to the state.

Who : The State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN)

When : Since 2016 until now.

Where : Jakarta

Why : The Ministry of BUMN noted that the number of BUMN that suffered losses until the first half of 2017 reached 24 companies. The number decreased from 27 companies in the first half of 2016. Until the end of 2017, it was 13 companies.

How : Members of the House of Representatives, BambangHaryo, said that the Commission VI or BUMN will discuss specifically the solution for companies that loses its performance. Previously, members of Commission VI along with the Deputy of Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises of the Restructuring and Business Development Field, Aloysius K. Ro, held a Hearing Meeting (RDP) on performance. Aloysius was accompanied by directors of PT BahanaPembinaan Usaha Indonesia (Persero), PT KliringBerjangka Indonesia (Persero), PT Superintending Company of Indonesia (Persero) or Sucofindo, and PT Surveyor Indonesia (Persero).